# Amazing Survival Abilities of Moss Spores Proven in Space Experiment
## Space Experiment Highlights
A recent study published in the journal *iScience* by Cell Press has demonstrated the remarkable survival capabilities of moss spores exposed to the harsh conditions of outer space. The research revealed that over 80% of the moss spores survived a nine-month period outside the International Space Station (ISS).
## Experimental Setup
Led by biologist Tomomichi Fujita of Hokkaido University, the team loaded samples onto Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus NG-17 cargo spacecraft in March 2022. Upon arrival at the ISS, astronauts connected the containers to an external platform approximately 400 kilometers above the Earth. The samples were subjected to extreme temperatures ranging from -196 degrees Celsius to -55 degrees Celsius and were exposed to intense ultraviolet radiation for 283 days.
## Initial Expectations vs. Actual Results
Fujita expressed surprise at the findings, stating, “We expected that the combined stresses of space would cause significantly more damage than each factor alstart.” When the samples returned to Earth in January 2023, it was noted that 86% of the spores had germinated. He likened the opening of the container to “unveiling a biological time capsule.”
Despite observing a 20% reduction in chlorophyll a- the pigment most sensitive to visible light- Fujita confirmed that this decrease did not affect the health of the spores. According to their calculations, some spores might remain viable for up to 5,600 days (approximately 15 years) in similar orbital conditions.
## Implications for Extraterrestrial Life
Robert Pearl, a space biology expert from the University of Florida who was not involved in the study, remarked, “Life is not limited to Earth.” He noted that mosses require moisture and protection from desiccation, indicating the necessity for developing protective habitats for their cultivation in space environments.
Kai Finster from Aarhus University added that while mosses could be studied, other crops might be more practical for Martian agriculture.
## Future Prospects
Fujita hopes that this study will pave the way for creating ecosystems in extraterrestrial environments such as the Moon and Mars. “Ultimately, we aspire to develop sustainable ecological systems beyond Earth,” he stated.
This study marks a significant step in understanding the potential for life to survive and thrive in space, opening new horizons for future research and exploration.
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